Telangana farmers shift from paddy to vegetables and spices as El Nino impacts farming

Farmers in Telangana are increasingly choosing to grow vegetables, spices, and other horticulture crops instead of traditional paddy under the impact of El Nino. This trend started in the Kharif season and continues into the Yasangi or Rabi season. Between October 1 and 28, horticulture sowing area increased from 6,552 acres last year to 15,864 acres this year. Rangareddy recorded the highest increase with 3,953 more acres sown, followed by Sangareddy, Siddipet, Mahabubnagar, Warangal, and Vikarabad.

Official Statements

State Horticulture Director Shaik Yasmeen Basha explained that the water needed for one acre of paddy can irrigate four acres of oil palm or five to six acres of vegetables. Officials noted that district officers have been told to support farmers with drip irrigation resources and sprinklers. The department also coordinated with the National Seed Corporation and the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research to supply drought-resistant seed varieties. District officers highlighted specific regional factors behind the shift. Rangareddy DHSO K. Suresh pointed to rising vegetable prices and market access in Hyderabad. Vikarabad DHSO M.A. Sattar noted a preference for spices like turmeric, onions, and ajwain, while Mahabubnagar DHSO K. Venugopal stated that vegetable farming relies heavily on assured borewell irrigation rather than rain.

Context

El Nino conditions often bring erratic weather and excessive heat, which can reduce crop yields and alter traditional farming patterns. In regions facing water constraints, shifting from water-intensive crops like paddy to diversified horticulture helps conserve resources while meeting urban market demands.